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1993-07-24
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Clone
A Disk Duplication Utility
by
Eric Tauck
1304 Deerpass Road
Marengo, IL 60152-9644
U.S.A
Compuserve: 72457,1557
Internet: 72457.1557@compuserve.com
Clone performs the same function as DISKCOPY, but with several
improvements. The major features of Clone are duplicating high
capacity disks in a single drive without disk swapping, and
writing multiple target disks without rereading the source disk.
Other features include extra control over formatting, data veri-
fication, a progress indicator, the ability to cancel a duplica-
tion at any time, and improved disk serialization.
Clone requires a PC/XT/AT compatible and DOS 3.0 or higher. For
reading high capacity disks (anything larger than a regular 360K
disk), Clone needs XMS memory, EMS memory, or a hard or RAM disk
to store the disk image. Clone may be used and distributed
freely.
Clone syntax:
CLONE X: [Y:] [switches]
X: The source drive (i.e. the drive to read from).
Y: The target drive (i.e. the drive to write to). If the
target drive is absent, it is assumed to be the same as the
source drive.
The switches may be specified on the command line or in the
environment using the environment variable CLONE or CLONE_ET (use
CLONE_ET if CLONE is already being used for something else).
Switches that are used all the time (like image paths) should be
stored in the environment, usually with a SET statement from the
AUTOEXEC.BAT file. Switches on the command line override switch-
es in the environment.
Clone switches:
/C Produce endless copies. Clone will continue producing
copies until ESC is pressed.
/C:n Produce n number of copies. Clone will create a specific
number of copies. The default is /C:1.
/E+ Use expanded (EMS) memory. Clone will use expanded
memory to store any of the source disk that doesn't fit
in conventional or extended memory. EMM386.SYS (or a
compatible driver) must be installed to make expanded
memory available. This switch is the default.
/E- Don't use expanded (EMS) memory. Clone will not try to
access expanded memory.
/F Format target disk if necessary. Clone will attempt to
determine if the target disk is unformatted and then
format it if necessary. This is the default format
setting. This switch undoes the effects of the /F+ and
/F- switches.
/F+ Always format the target disk.
/F- Never format the target disk. Clone will display an
error if an unformatted disk is used as a target disk.
/I:p Define the image path p. Image paths are the locations
where Clone should store portions of the source disk that
don't fit in memory. Multiple image paths may be listed.
Multiple image paths are used sequentially as their
respective disks becomes full. If no image path is
specified, Clone will use the TEMP or TMP environment
variable.
/M:n Set to message level n. There are three message levels:
1 to 3. At message level one, Clone displays the least
amount of information; and at message level three, Clone
displays the most amount of information. The default is
/M:2.
/N+ Enable disk serialization. All target disks receive a
serial number according to the serial number type as set
by the /N:n, /N:D, or /N:T switches. This switch is the
default.
/N- Disable disk serialization. All target disks will have
the same serial number as the source disk. Disk serial
numbers were introduced with DOS version 4.00. This
switch should be used on systems running older versions
of DOS.
/N:n Use n for all target disk serial numbers. This switch
lets you specify a specific serial number. The number n
can range from 0 to 4294967295. Note that DOS typically
displays the serial number in hexadecimal notation
(rather than decimal notation used in this switch).
/N:D Use the DOS convention for creating target disk serial
numbers. This switch is the default.
/N:T Use the current time and date to create target disk
serial numbers. Both this switch and the /N:D switch use
the time and date to generate serial numbers, but only
this switch is guaranteed to produce a unique serial
number every second. Serial numbers generated from this
switch can also be converted back to the date and time
from which they were created.
/P+ Turn source and target prompts on. This switch is the
same as using both the /S+ and /T+ switches.
/P- Turn source and target prompts off. This switch is the
same as using both the /S- and /T- switches.
/R:n Allow n errors when reading the source disk. This switch
sets the maximum number of unreadable tracks on the
source disk. If too many unreadable tracks are encoun-
tered, the copy operation is aborted. The default is
/R:0 (no bad tracks allowed).
/S+ Prompt for source disk. Clone will display a message
asking that the source disk be inserted and wait for a
key to be pressed. If ESC is pressed, Clone will termi-
nate. This switch is the default.
/S- Don't prompt for source disk. Clone will start reading
from the source drive immediately.
/T+ Prompt for target disk. Clone will display a message
asking that the target disk be inserted and wait for a
key to be pressed. If ESC is pressed, Clone will termi-
nate. This switch is the default.
/T- Don't prompt for target disk. Clone will start writing
to the target drive as soon as the source disk has been
fully read. This switch will only work if the source and
target drives are different AND only a single copy is
being made (/C:1).
/V Set to verify level 3. See the description of /V:n
below.
/V:n Set to verify level n. There are three verify levels: 1
to 3. Verify level one is no verify, level two checks to
see if each track is readable after writing it, and level
three reads each track back and compares it. The default
is /V:0.
/W:n Allow n errors when writing the target disk. This switch
sets the maximum number of unwriteable tracks on the
target disk. If too many unwriteable tracks are encoun-
tered, the copy operation is aborted. The default is
/W:0 (no bad tracks allowed).
/X+ Use extended (XMS) memory. Clone will use extended
memory to store any of the source disk that doesn't fit
in conventional memory. HIMEM.SYS (or a compatible
driver) must be installed to make extended memory avail-
able. This switch is the default.
/X- Don't use extended (XMS) memory. Clone will not try to
access extended memory.
A summary of these switches can be displayed by running:
CLONE ?
Example configuration, set in the AUTOEXEC.BAT file:
SET CLONE=/I:D: /I:C: /S- /R:10
This tells Clone to store the image on drive D: (presumably a RAM
disk), and if it becomes full, to store the rest of the image on
drive C: (a hard disk). Also, the source disk prompting is
turned off and 10 read errors are allowed.
The following is a list of changes made to Clone according to the
version number:
1.00 Initial release.
1.10 /E switch added (later changed to /R). Messages changed:
track read error added, disk parameters mostly removed, and
image file list removed.
1.11 Prompts for new disk if incompatible media (rather than
aborting).
1.20 Displays disk type in a more readable format.
2.00 Complete rewrite. XMS and EMS memory supported, disk
serialization supported, error handling improved, can
format low density disks in high density drives (well, it
tried but failed), can press ESC at any time to abort, and
the displayed enhanced. Several switches and the format of
switches have been changed: you now need a colon before
numbers and paths; /I always specifies a path (never a
file); and the /M, /N, /P, /V, and /W switches have been
added.
2.10 Improved EMS detection and formatting procedure (formatting
should work now). Added /E and /X switches to
enable/disable expanded/extended memory usage.
DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY
THIS SOFTWARE AND MANUAL ARE DISTRIBUTED "AS IS" AND WITHOUT
WARRANTIES AS TO PERFORMANCE OF MERCHANTABILITY OR ANY OTHER
WARRANTIES WHETHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. BECAUSE OF THE VARIOUS
HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE ENVIRONMENTS INTO WHICH THIS PROGRAM MAY BE
PUT, NO WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE IS OFFERED.
GOOD DATA PROCESSING PROCEDURE DICTATES THAT ANY PROGRAM BE
THOROUGHLY TESTED WITH NON-CRITICAL DATA BEFORE RELYING ON IT.
THE USER MUST ASSUME THE ENTIRE RISK OF USING THE PROGRAM. ANY
LIABILITY OF THE SELLER WILL BE LIMITED EXCLUSIVELY TO PRODUCT
REPLACEMENT OR REFUND OF PURCHASE PRICE.